Definition
Reading: kojo
向上 (Kojo) is the world of absolute equality (the state of enlightenment) itself. It goes beyond all differences and distinction by language. It also means the ultimate standpoint or action in Zen. In this state, after reaching enlightenment, a person goes beyond even existing sacred authorities like Buddhas and patriarchs. The person tries to break all attachments and concepts.
Its antonym is 向下 (Koge). Koge means not staying in the state of absolute equality (Kojo). It means returning to the actual world of relative distinction, where individual differences, good and evil exist. In this world, a person freely uses the wisdom of enlightenment for daily life. It also means this practical way of being and acting itself.
Q&A
- Q: Why do Zen masters who completed the practice of Kojo (向上) try to go beyond even existing sacred authorities like Buddhas and patriarchs?
- A: Because in Zen, people strictly dislike any attachment to concepts like "enlightenment" or "sacred things." They dislike it even if they reach the wonderful state of enlightenment. Zen calls this attachment the "illness of Dharmakaya" (法身の病 / illness of enlightenment). To break all attachments, fixed concepts, and existing authorities completely is Kojo (向上). It is the ultimate transcendental standpoint in Zen.
