Definition
Reading: shinkui / Sanskrit: kāya-vāk-citta
身口意 (Three Karmas of Body, Speech, and Mind) is a term in Buddhism referring to the three sources of human activity: 身 (physical actions), 口 (verbal expressions), and i意(mental thoughts and intentions). In Japanese, the name is read as "Shin-ku-i". Collectively, they are also known as the "三業" (Three Karmas,sangō). The foundation of spiritual practice lies in keeping these three aspects pure.
Buddhist rituals are established upon this philosophy. During a memorial service, for example, both monks and lay followers are expected to be mindful of these three karmas, purifying their bodies and minds. In rituals such as the jukai (receiving precepts) or fusatsu (confession/purification ceremony), it is traditional to chant a verse from the Flower Adornment Sutra (Avatamsaka Sutra): "All the evil karma ever committed by me since of old, on account of my beginningless greed, anger, and ignorance, born of my body, mouth, and mind, now I atone for it all."
Furthermore, the Tenpatsuge (the verse for unfolding the alms bowl) states, "Just as the Tathagata’s vessel is ready for receiving, I now unfold it; I vow with all beings, that the three wheels be empty and still." Here, the "three wheels" refer to the three karmas of body, speech, and mind. The essence of this practice is to release one's attachment to these actions and attain a state of emptiness and tranquility.
Q&A
- Q: Why can we turn our own homes into a "Dojo"?
- A: Because a "Dojo" is not defined solely by a special building or a temple. Rather, it becomes a place of practice wherever an individual sincerely disciplines themselves and conducts their actions with purity. By incorporating the ritual of Shasui into your daily routine to cleanse both your heart and your environment, you transform a common, everyday space into a sanctuary—a spiritual home that supports your journey.
